Federal & Private Student Loan Types
Understanding your student loan type is the foundation of choosing the right repayment plan, qualifying for forgiveness, and avoiding costly mistakes. This hub explains every major federal and private loan type — updated for 2026.
Start Here: Identify Your Loan Type
Learn how to identify your loans using your Federal Student Aid account.
Learn MoreSee which federal loans are eligible for PSLF, IDR forgiveness, and more.
Learn MoreDifferent loan types qualify for different repayment plans — see your options.
Learn MoreDirect Loans
Direct Loans are the most common federal student loans — and the only loans that qualify for PSLF without consolidation.
Interest does not accrue while you're in school or during deferment.
Read GuideInterest accrues at all times — even while in school.
Read GuideLoans for graduate students and parents with higher interest rates.
Read GuideCombine multiple federal loans into one — sometimes required for forgiveness.
Read GuideFFEL Loans
FFEL Loans were issued before 2010 and do not qualify for PSLF or IDR forgiveness unless consolidated into a Direct Consolidation Loan.
Perkins Loans
Perkins Loans were issued to low-income students and come with unique cancellation benefits — but do not qualify for PSLF or IDR forgiveness without consolidation.
Private Student Loans
Private loans are issued by banks and credit unions — not the federal government. They do not qualify for federal forgiveness programs or income-driven repayment.
Understand how private loans work and their key differences from federal loans.
Read GuideWhen refinancing makes sense and how to compare offers.
Read GuideLimited forgiveness options available for private borrowers.
Read GuideLoan Type Comparison & Strategy
Choosing the right strategy depends on your loan types, income, and forgiveness goals.
Why Trust This Loan Types Hub?
All loan type information is sourced from:
We update this hub whenever federal rules change, ensuring accuracy and clarity.